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[1] Center of Natural Products National Center for Scientific Research, C. Havana, Cuba.
[2] Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou.
[3] Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
[i] Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Spain.
[ii] Simple procedures for the extraction and chromatographic determination of benomyl and carbendazim in honey, bees wax, larvae, bees and pollen are proposed. The fungicides were extracted from honey, larvae and bees using ethyl acetate, while methanol was more suitable for wax and pollen samples. Pollen extracts need a further clean-up step with n-hexane. The determination is carried out by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The procedures have been applied to the analysis of benomyl on honey and larvae samples from hives whose bees were nourished with artificial food mixed with benomyl.
PMID: 9408999, UI: 98073393.
[iii] Carbajal, D.; Molina, V.; Valdes, S.; Arruzazabala, M.L.; Mas, R.; Magraner, J.[iii] (1998) (Cuba) – Anti-inflammatory activity of D-002: an active product isolated from beeswax,
in Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids, Oct;59(4), pp.235-38.
D-002 is a natural mixture of high molecular weight alcohols isolated and purified from beeswax, which contains triacontanol among its main components. This study was undertaken to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of D-002 administered by the oral route in two animal models commonly used in the pharmacological screening of anti-inflammatory drugs. D-002 administered orally to rats (100 and 200 mg/kg) produced a mild but significant reduction of exudate volume in carrageenan-induced pleuritic inflammation that was accompanied by a marked and significant decrease of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) levels in the exudate. D-002 (25, 50 and 200 mg/kg) also significantly diminished the granuloma weight in the cotton pellet granuloma in rats. In both cases, D-002 was less effective than indomethacin, which was used as an established anti-inflammatory reference drug. On the other hand, D-002 administered from 25-1000 mg/kg did not induce erosions or gastromucosal lesions in rats, which differs from results usually obtained with non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. These results indicate that D-002 is a mild anti-inflammatory agent without any ulcerogenic effect associated. The results suggest that these effects are probably not mediated through an inhibition of cyclooxygenase, but a reduction in LTB4 levels induced by D-002 could explain these results.
[iv] Liu, F.; Sun, D.[iv] (1996) (China) – Active constituents lowering blood-lipid in beeswax (Chinese),
in Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih, Sep;21(9), pp.553-54, 576.
Three compounds were isolated from the active fraction lowering blood-lipid in the traditional Chinese beeswax (Apis cerana or A. mellifera). They were identified as dotriacontanol, triacontanol and octacosanol by chemical and spectroscopic methods.
[v] BIENENGIFT IN DER BEHANDLUNG VON SEXUALSCHWÄCHE
Li ZHONGPU (China)
Die klassische chinesische Medizin erwähnt schon seit langem, daß die Impotenz mit Bienengift und Waben geheilt werden kann, da in diesen Waben nach dem Migrieren der Bienen etwas Bienengift übrigbleibt. 1960 beobachtete der Verfasser, daß ein zufälliger Bienenstich in den Knöchel einen impotenten Kranken vollständig heilte.
Ab 1966 behandelte der Verfasser 3.015 impotente Patienten durch Stiche lebendiger Bienen in den Punkten Rangu und Taixi des Fußes. Die erzielte Wirkung war 78,2 %-ig. Wenn täglich auch noch 30 g Acanthopanax (dreimal täglich) zugegeben wird, dann ist die Wirkung 98,5 %-ig. Die schwerkranken Patienten brauchen zusätzlich noch zwei oder mehrere Behandlungen.
S.525